Help students connect the key module concepts that illustrate the connection between forces and the motion of objects and the need to describe motion and position in understandable ways. AL Approaching Level situations involving forces acting on objects that are moving and objects that are not moving and an answer the object's motion. Have students exchange models and try to determine the answers. BL Beyond Level Have students research an event involving a failure to understand position or motion. For example, a plane overshooting a runway or a missed pass at a football game. Have students present their ndings as a news report about the event. English-Language Support Make Connections Help students understand such concepts as reference point, position, speed, and acceleration by making connections through acting it out, examples in vocabulary logs, and prior experience. ENTERING and EMERGING Act It Out As concepts such as reference point, position, in motion, and at rest are introduced, direct students to move in certain ways and describe the movements. For example, SAY: Stand by your desk. Students follow. Your desk is your reference point. Now change places with another student. Students follow. This is your new position. Run in place. Students follow. Now you are in motion. Everybody stop. Students follow. Now you are at rest. Repeat the activity throughout the module. DEVELOPING and EXPANDING Vocabulary Logs As concepts such as displacement are introduced in the module, have students create a vocabulary log with the word or phrase, a short finپDz, and an example from their experience. For example: speed = a measure of the distance an object travels in a given amount of time. On the highway, cars can travel at a speed of 65 miles per hour. Invite students to share their denitions and examples. Have them review their vocabulary logs and denitions as needed. BRIDGING and REACHING Prior Experience As concepts such as acceleration and displacement are introduced in the module, ask questions to connect the concepts to students prior experience. For example, SAY: Think of an example of acceleration. What things have you seen accelerate? Ask student pairs to discuss ideas, providing sentence frames and vocabulary as needed. Then invite pairs to share ideas with the class. GO ONLINE to nd additional English-language support resources.